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Vocabulary Development: The Prefix
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The English
language has developed over time by absorbing words from other
languages. Although it is considered a Germanic language, it contains
an abundance of words derived from Latin, Greek, and French, as well as
from other languages. Word origins become especially important when you are faced with a word that you do not understand. If you can recognize even a small part of it (like the beginning or the ending), you have a better chance of figuring out what it means. As a result, the first step in developing a larger and better vocabulary is to learn about the small parts that make up words: the prefixes, the suffixes, and the root words. Improving your vocabulary helps you improve your reading comprehension, which helps you improve your standardized test scores. Improving your vocabulary also helps you become a better writer. Take a look at the lists below for meanings and examples of prefixes and suffixes. A prefix comes at the beginning of a word. "Pre" is the prefix of the word "prefix" and means in front of. Consider other words beginning with "pre" that you are likely to know the meaning of: pre-approve, preflight, pre-kindergarten, precaution, pre-treat. |
|
| Prefix |
Meaning |
Examples |
| a-, ab-, an- |
apart, away, from, without | abstract, abuse |
| ad- |
at near, to toward | admissible, adhesion |
| ante- |
before, in front | antecedent, anterior |
| anti-, ant- |
opposite, opposing | antidote, anticlimactic, antifreeze |
| auto- |
self, same | autobiography, automatic, autopilot |
| bi- |
two |
biathlon, biceps |
| bio- |
life | biology, biography |
| co-, com-, con- |
together, with | coalesce, consider, commix, common |
| de- |
away, off | department, deplore, deploy |
| di- |
apart or two | dimension, dilemma, digress, digraph |
| dis- |
not, not any, apart | discrepancy, disdain, discount |
| dys- |
bad, problematic | dyslexia, dysfunction |
| em-, en- |
cause, restrict | emaciate, emanate, engender, endanger |
| e-, ef-, ex- |
away
from, out of, former |
effect, effort, exclusive, excuse |
| equa-, equi- |
equal, even | equinox, equilateral, equate, equity |
| extra- |
outside of | extrapolate, extraterrestrial, extravagant |
| fore- |
before, in front |
foreground, forehand, foreleg, foremost |
| geo- |
Earth |
geography, geology, geocentric |
| hyper- |
excessive | hyperactive, hyperbole, hypersonic |
| hypo- |
less than, under | hypoallergenic, hypochondria, hypocrisy |
| im-, in- |
in, into,
within, not, without |
inlaid, inland, innate, imbue, immoral, immortal, immunize |
| inter- |
between, among | interject, intervene, interlope interlude |
| micro- |
small | microcosm, microscope, microbe, microphone |
| mis- |
mistake, reversal | misrule, misread, misnomer |
| mono- |
one, single, alone |
monotone, monocle, monogamy |
| multi- |
many | multicolor, multipart, multinational, multiple |
| neo- |
new, recent | neonatal, neoclassical |
| non- |
not | nonpartisan, nonsensical, nonplus |
| ob-, oc-, of-, op- |
against, on, over, toward |
obnoxious, offend, obscene, obscure, opaque |
| pan- | all |
panorama, panacea, pandemic |
| para- |
beside, beyond | paranormal, parasite, paramedic, paranoia |
| peri- |
about, around | perimeter, pericardium, periodic, periphery |
| poly- | many |
polyglot, polygon, polymer |
| post- |
after |
posterior, posterity, postern, postpone |
| pre- |
before | premature, prelude, premier, premonition |
| pro- |
before,
favoring, for, forward |
profess, propel, procure, proceed |
| re- |
again |
reprisal, reproduce, resound |
| semi- |
half |
semifinal, semicircle, semester |
| sub-, sup- |
under |
submerge, subliminal, support, supplement |
| super- |
above, exceeding |
superfluous, superimpose, superior, supernal |
| thermo-, therm- |
heat |
thermometer, thermostat |
| trans- |
across, beyond, through | transmit, transform, transaction |
| un- |
not |
unofficial, unusual, unfurl, uniform |
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Writing Tutor & Michele R. Acosta All rights reserved. |