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Vocabulary Development: The Prefix

The English language has developed over time by absorbing words from other languages. Although it is considered a Germanic language, it contains an abundance of words derived from Latin, Greek, and French, as well as from other languages.

Word origins become especially important when you are faced with a word that you do not understand. If you can recognize even a small part of it (like the beginning or the ending), you have a better chance of figuring out what it means. As a result, the first step in developing a larger and better vocabulary is to learn about the small parts that make up words: the prefixes, the suffixes, and the root words.

Improving your vocabulary helps you improve your reading comprehension, which helps you improve your standardized test scores. Improving your vocabulary also helps you become a better writer. Take a look at the lists below for meanings and examples of prefixes and suffixes.


A prefix comes at the beginning of a word. "Pre" is the prefix of the word "prefix" and means in front of. Consider other words beginning with "pre" that you are likely to know the meaning of: pre-approve, preflight, pre-kindergarten, precaution, pre-treat.
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Following is a list of prefixes:

Prefix
Meaning
Examples
a-, ab-,
an-
apart, away, from, without abstract, abuse
ad-
to, toward, near
admissible, adhesion
ante-
before, in front antecedent, anterior
anti-, ant-
opposite, opposing antidote, anticlimactic, antifreeze
auto-
self, same autobiography, automatic, autopilot
bi-
two
biathlon, biceps
bio-
life biology, biography
co-, com-, con-
together, with coalesce, consider, commix, common
de-
away, off department, deplore, deploy
di-
apart or two dimension, dilemma, digress, digraph
dis-
not, not any, apart discrepancy, disdain, discount
dys-
bad, problematic dyslexia, dysfunction
em-, en-
cause, restrict emaciate, emanate, engender, endanger
e-, ef-,
ex-
away from,
out of, former
effect, effort, exclusive, excuse
equa-,
equi-
equal, even equinox, equilateral, equate, equity
extra-
outside of extrapolate, extraterrestrial, extravagant
fore-
before,
in front
foreground, forehand, foreleg, foremost
geo-
Earth
geography, geology, geocentric
hyper-
excessive hyperactive, hyperbole, hypersonic
hypo-
less than, under hypoallergenic, hypochondria, hypocrisy
im-, in-
in, into, within,
not, without
inlaid, inland, innate, imbue, immoral, immortal, immunize
inter-
between, among interject, intervene, interlope interlude
micro-
small microcosm, microscope, microbe, microphone
mis-
mistake, reversal misrule, misread, misnomer
mono-
one, single,
alone
monotone, monocle, monogamy
multi-
many multicolor, multipart, multinational, multiple
neo-
new, recent neonatal, neoclassical
non-
not nonpartisan, nonsensical, nonplus
ob-, oc-, of-, op-
against, on,
over, toward
obnoxious, offend, obscene, obscure, opaque
pan- all
panorama, panacea, pandemic
para-
beside, beyond paranormal, parasite, paramedic, paranoia
peri-
about, around perimeter, pericardium, periodic, periphery
poly- many
polyglot, polygon, polymer
post-
after
posterior, posterity, postern, postpone
pre-
before premature, prelude, premier, premonition
pro-
before, favoring,
for, forward
profess, propel, procure, proceed
re-
again
reprisal, reproduce, resound
semi-
half
semifinal, semicircle, semester
sub-, sup-
under
submerge, subliminal, support, supplement
super-
above,
exceeding
superfluous, superimpose, superior, supernal
thermo-, therm-
heat
thermometer, thermostat
trans-
across, beyond, through transmit, transform, transaction
un-
not
unofficial, unusual, unfurl, uniform


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